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Matter and Materials

States of matter, properties and changes

Class VI
Science
9 Questions
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MCQ
1 marks
Question 1
Which of the following is NOT a state of matter?

Options:

a) Solid
b) Liquid
c) Gas
d) Energy

Answer:

Energy is not a state of matter. The three main states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas.
MCQ
1 marks
Question 2
What happens to water when it is heated to 100°C?

Options:

a) It freezes
b) It evaporates
c) It expands
d) It contracts

Answer:

Water evaporates (turns into water vapor/gas) when heated to its boiling point of 100°C.
MCQ
1 marks
Question 3
Which property helps us identify different materials?

Options:

a) Color only
b) Size only
c) Color, texture, hardness
d) Weight only

Answer:

Materials can be identified by multiple properties including color, texture, hardness, density, etc.
SHORT
2 marks
Question 4
List the three states of matter with one example each.

Answer:

Three states of matter:
1. Solid - Example: Ice, wood, stone
2. Liquid - Example: Water, milk, oil
3. Gas - Example: Air, steam, oxygen

Solids have fixed shape and volume, liquids have fixed volume but no fixed shape, gases have neither fixed shape nor volume.
SHORT
2 marks
Question 5
What is the difference between melting and freezing?

Answer:

Melting: Process where solid changes to liquid when heated (ice to water)
Freezing: Process where liquid changes to solid when cooled (water to ice)

Melting and freezing are opposite processes that occur at the same temperature called the melting/freezing point.
SHORT
2 marks
Question 6
Name five properties of materials that help us classify them.

Answer:

Five properties of materials:
1. Hardness - How difficult it is to scratch
2. Transparency - Can light pass through it
3. Solubility - Does it dissolve in water
4. Density - How heavy it is for its size
5. Conductivity - Does it allow heat/electricity to pass through
LONG
5 marks
Question 7
Explain the changes of state with examples and the role of temperature.

Answer:

Changes of State:

1. Melting (Solid → Liquid):
• Example: Ice melts to water when heated
• Temperature increases

2. Freezing (Liquid → Solid):
• Example: Water freezes to ice when cooled
• Temperature decreases

3. Evaporation (Liquid → Gas):
• Example: Water evaporates to steam when heated
• Can happen at any temperature

4. Condensation (Gas → Liquid):
• Example: Steam condenses to water when cooled
• Temperature decreases

5. Sublimation (Solid → Gas):
• Example: Dry ice directly becomes gas
• Skips liquid state

Role of Temperature:
• Heating provides energy for particles to move faster
• Cooling removes energy, particles move slower
• Each material has specific temperatures for state changes
LONG
5 marks
Question 8
Classify the following materials as natural or artificial and explain their uses: Wood, Plastic, Cotton, Steel, Rubber.

Answer:

Classification of Materials:

NATURAL MATERIALS:
1. Wood:
• Source: Trees
• Uses: Furniture, construction, paper, fuel
• Properties: Hard, can be shaped, burns

2. Cotton:
• Source: Cotton plant
• Uses: Clothing, bed sheets, bandages
• Properties: Soft, absorbent, breathable

ARTIFICIAL MATERIALS:
1. Plastic:
• Source: Made from petroleum/chemicals
• Uses: Bottles, bags, toys, containers
• Properties: Light, waterproof, durable

2. Steel:
• Source: Made from iron and carbon
• Uses: Buildings, vehicles, tools, utensils
• Properties: Very hard, strong, magnetic

3. Rubber:
• Source: Can be natural (rubber tree) or synthetic
• Uses: Tires, shoes, erasers, gloves
• Properties: Elastic, waterproof, flexible

Artificial materials are often designed to have specific properties that make them useful for particular purposes.
LONG
5 marks
Question 9
Describe an experiment to show that air occupies space and has weight.

Answer:

Experiment to Show Air Occupies Space:

Materials needed:
• Empty bottle
• Water
• Large bowl

Procedure:
1. Fill a large bowl with water
2. Turn an empty bottle upside down
3. Push the bottle straight down into water
4. Observe that water does not enter the bottle completely

Observation:
Water cannot enter the bottle because air inside occupies space and prevents water from entering.

Experiment to Show Air Has Weight:

Materials needed:
• Balance scale
• Two balloons
• Pump

Procedure:
1. Place two uninflated balloons on either side of balance
2. Balance them so they weigh the same
3. Inflate one balloon with air
4. Place it back on the balance

Observation:
The inflated balloon side goes down, showing that air has weight.

Conclusion:
These experiments prove that air is matter because it occupies space and has weight, even though we cannot see it.